The influence of orthodontic extraction and nonextraction treatment on anterior and posterior facial heights

Daniele Teixeira MACHADO, José Fernando Castanha HENRIQUES, Guilherme JANSON, Marcos Roberto de FREITAS

Aim: the cephalometric changes of anterior and posterior facial heights, in the Class II, Division 1 treatment, were compared among three different groups of patients: 4-premolar extraction, non-extraction and control. Methods: each test sample consisted of 22 patients from whom lateral headfilms were obtained, either at the beginning or in the end of the treatment. Fourteen compatible subjects, comprising the control group, had their radiographs taken accordingly, at this same time interval. The one-way ANOVA was used to identify differences among the groups regarding the observed variables. Results and Conclusion: as a result, significant differences for the anterior and posterior facial heights were not statistically detected among the groups. Based upon this methodology, no significant influence of the orthodontic treatment therapy was revealed over the facial heights, but rather similar behavior, in all groups, toward increasing the LAFH, UAFH, TAFH, PFH, AFH, TPFH and CF-Go’. The rate between the TPFH and the TAFH exhibited an increase in groups I (4-premolar extraction) and III (control). In all three groups, the vertical drift of upper and lower first molars were similarly modified, producing a significant extrusion of these teeth, mainly in the lower arch of the treated sample. Sagital dentoalveolar changes, regardless of the group, consisted of mesial movement of all first molars. The largest mesial movements, however, were found to occur in the 4-premolar extraction and in the control groups.

Keywords: Class II division 1 malocclusion. Cephalometrics. Orthodontics. Facial height.

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