Correlation between facial pattern and sagittal relationship between dental arches in deciduous dentition: epidemiological considerations

Omar Gabriel da SILVA FILHO, Ana Paula Corrêa de QUEIROZ, Fernando José HERKRATH, Guilherme Ferreira Bibiano SILVA

The interrelationship between occlusion and facial morphology is fundamental for diagnosis and planning in Orthodontics. In general, the sagittal relationship between dental arches (Class) tends to reflect the sagittal position of facial skeleton (Pattern). This current paper assesses the correlation between sagittal facial morphological characteristics (Pattern) and occlusion (Class) in deciduous dentition. The sample was comprised of 2009 children aged between 3 and 6 years, in the complete deciduous dentition, from 20 pre-schools in Bauru – SP. The results showed a statiscally significant correlation between the facial Pattern and Class. In Pattern I, Class I children predominated (62.99%), followed by Class II (35.82%) and Class III (1.18%). In Pattern II, Class II children were predominant (81.35%), followed by a low incidence of Class I (18.64%). In Pattern III, Class III was found in 50.00% of children, followed by Class I (48.64%) and Class II (1.35%). The expectation has been confirmed. There is a tendency of Class to reflect facial Pattern, starting from deciduous dentition stage. It was more explicit in Pattern II. The results also clarify that occlusion may differ from the Pattern. Patterns I and III showed the greatest heterogeneity in the distribution of Classes. In Pattern II, the Classes were more homogeneous; more than 80% of children in this group presented Class II relationship.

Keywords: Face. Occlusion. Tooth deciduous. Epidemiology.

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