Changes in the inclination of lower incisors and the occurrence of gingival recession

Luciane Q. CLOSS, Betina GREHS, Dirceu Barnabé RAVELLI, Cassiano Kuchenbecker RÖSING

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether altering the labial-lingual position of the lower incisors in adolescents might predispose to the development of gingival recession. Methods: Records from 189 Caucasian adolescents (107 female and 81 male) pre and post orthodontic treatment were selected. Patients presented mean ± SD values of initial records age of 11.2 ± 1.9 years and final records age of 14.7 ± 1.8 years. The presence of gingival recession was evaluated in models and photographs. The inclination of lower incisors to the mandibular plane angle (IMPA) was measured on lateral cephalograms, pre and post-treatment. Cases were divided in: proclined, retroclined and unaltered. No significant association was observed between the alteration of tooth inclination and the presence of gingival recessions, based on chi square analysis (p = 0,277). Results: Data demonstrated that in 107 patients (56.6%) incisors were proclined, in 64 patients (33.9%) incisors were retroinclined and 18 patients (9.5%) did not shown alteration in tooth inclination. In the cases where new gingival recessions occurred, 64.9% had been moved buccally, 26.3% had been moved lingually and 8.8% did not changed inclination. In the group of patients that displayed coronal migration of the gingival margin, 60% had been moved lingually, 30% had been moved buccally and 10% did not changed inclination. Conclusion: Even though the percentage of cases where teeth were proclined showed a larger number of new gingival recessions, it was not statistically signifi cant.

Keywords: Lower incisors. Inclination. Gingival recession. Orthodontic tooth movement.

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