Prospective evolution of nutritional status in maxil- lofacial trauma patients

CAMILA ROBERTA SILVA, MARCIO BRUNO FIGUEIREDO AMARAL, ALESSANDRO OLIVEIRA DE-JESUS, SAMUEL MACEDO COSTA, CAROLINE SAN SEVERINO TEIXEIRA

Introduction: Patients undergoing maxillofacial trauma are susceptible to malnutrition due to compromised oral and swallow function, and increased for nutrients demands for wound healing. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate a prospective evolution of nutritional status in maxillofacial trauma victims. Methods: A cohort, prospective, descriptive and analytical study was performed, during June to December 2019, at two trauma hospitals in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The nutritional status was measured in four nutritional assess- ment, being evaluated from the diet, weight, height, body mass index, arm circumference, weight loss and nutritional diagnosis. Results: Forty-five patients were included in this study, with a median age of 31 years (q1-q3: 23-47.5). Majority of patients were from male (88.9%) gender. Concerning the types of fractures, mandible fracture was predominated (n=25, 55.6%). Thirty-five patients (77.8%) underwent surgical treatment and 27 patients (60%) did not do intermaxillary fixation. Weight loss was significantly higher in the first 30 days after the trauma, and the most affected patients were those who presented fractures of more than one facial bone (1.4%), followed by those with isolated mandible fractures (1, 2%) (p=0.04). Conclusion: During treatment, victims of exclusive maxillofacial trauma showed impaired nutritional status. The first 30 days after the trauma was the most critical period for the nutritional condition, and it is recommended to initiate complementary nutritional therapy through oral or enteral supplementation at this time.

Keywords: Nutritional status. Malnutrition. Mandibular Fractures. Maxillofacial injuries.

How to cite: Silva CR, Amaral MBF, De-Jesus AO, Costa SM, Teixeira CSS. Prospective evolution of nutritional status in maxillofacial trauma patients. J Braz Coll Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 May-Aug;7(2):14-21.

Monday, May 13, 2024 19:12