Orthodontics, temporomandibular disorders and occlusion: an evidence-based approach

Paulo César Rodrigues Conti, Ana Cláudia de Castro Ferreira Conti

Malocclusion was historically viewed as an etiological factor for onset and maintenance of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). For many years, the treatment for TMD was based on teeth position correction by means of large oral rehabilitation, orthodontics or occlusal adjustment, in order to eliminate occlusal contacts and interferences. A better understanding of the etiology of this disorder, however, contributed to emphasize the role of genetics, systemic and behavioral factors, pain perception and somatosensory function, while the role of mechanical factors had become less important. Many studies reporting the absence of cause-effect relationship between a history of orthodontic treatment and the onset of signs and symptoms of TMD have highlighted that occlusion and orthodontics may play a role just as a coadjutant or secondary factor. This study aims at discussing the relationship between occlusal factors and orthodontic treatment in the onset of TMD in order to improve the clinical approach based on scientific evidence. Indeed, suggestions are made to improve the orthodontist practice when facing patients with signs and symptoms of TMD.

Keywords: Orthodontic treatment. Orthopedics. Temporomandibular dysfunction.

How to cite: Conti PCR, Conti ACCF. Ortodontia, disfunção temporomandibular e oclusão: ciência aplicada à prática. Rev Clín Ortod Dental Press. 2017 Abr-Maio;16(2):35-43. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14436/1676-6849.16.2.035-043.art

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